See Related ragams section for further information on relationships between these ragams. Kalyani is considered one of the "major" ragams of Carnatic music along with Sankarabharanam, Todi and Kharaharapriya (the set of "major" rāgams is an informal grouping of the most popular Melakarta ragams used for elaboration and exploration, and which often form the centerpiece of a Carnatic music concert in the form of a Ragam Tanam Pallavi (RTP) or a kriti). Nearly every significant Carnatic composer (including the Trinity of Carnatic music) has composed several pieces in the Kalyani ragam. For further details and an illustration of Graha bhedam of this ragam refer Related ragams section in Sankarabharanam page. Kalyani's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 5 other major Melakarta ragams, namely, Hanumatodi, Sankarabharanam, Natabhairavi, Kharaharapriya and Harikambhoji. This section covers the theoretical aspects of Kalyani.
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See List of Janya Ragams for full list of rāgams associated with Kalyani. Kalyani has many janya ragams (derived scales)associated with it, of which Hamir Kalyani, Mohanakalyani, Saranga, Sunadavinodini and Yamuna Kalyani are very popular. This raga is very significant to the chart, because it is sung with all higher notes. It is the prati madhyamam equivalent of Sankarabharanam, which is the 29th melakarta. It is a Sampurna raga in Carnatic music, that is to say, has all the seven notes: Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni. The notes used in this scale are shadjam, chatushūruti rishabam, antara gandharam, prati madhyamam, chatushruti dhaivatam, kakali nishadam. Its arohana-avarohana structure is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms): The mnemonic phrase is sa ri gu mi pa dhi (or 'di') nu. It is the 5th ragam in the 11th chakra Rudra. It is often performed at the beginning of concerts because it is considered auspicious. Kalyani is prominently known among the public. One should not remain too long on panchamam (pa) or alternate between shadjamam and panchamam too frequently. It was obtained by the process of Graha Bhedam or modal shift of tonic of the ancient Shadja Grama.
Kalyani is the first Prathi Madhyama raga that was ever discovered.
The notes for Kalyani are S R 2 G 3 M 2 P D 2 N 3. It is the 65th melakarta raga under the Katapayadi sankhya.
The word Kalyani means she who causes auspicious things. In South Indian weddings it is a very prominently played raga.
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